Why Do We Leave Milk and Cookies for Santa Claus at Christmas?
A few hours before the beloved Santa Claus, known to children and adults alike, enters through the chimney to leave his gifts, many children around the world have the habit of leaving sweet treats for him. This gesture not only expresses their gratitude but also provides Santa with the energy he needs to continue his long and challenging journey.
In America, as well as in many other countries (mainly English-speaking ones), milk and cookies are the traditional offering. This custom has roots that go back centuries.
Let’s explore how this festive tradition began and what kinds of treats are left for Santa in other parts of the world.
The modern history of this tradition begins in the 1930s
According to one theory, the tradition of leaving milk and cookies for Santa Claus began in the 1930s, during the Great Depression, specifically in 1929 in America. At that time, during the global economic downturn, thousands of people lost their jobs, and many found themselves homeless. The American Dream had collapsed. (1)
Parents, wanting to teach their children the value of gratitude and the importance of remembering others even during tough times, encouraged them to leave a gift for their beloved Santa. This practice helped children learn to share and appreciate the gifts they received during those challenging years.
Milk has become the ideal beverage for Santa Claus due to its nutritional value, its association with childhood, and its practicality. The tradition of children leaving milk for Santa instead of another drink has both practical and cultural roots.
Milk is rich in nutrients like calcium, protein, and vitamins, which are essential for energy and endurance. Santa, too, needs a drink that gives him the strength to complete his long journey around the world.
One of the first literary references to milk and cookies for Santa Claus in America appeared in the 1870s in the short story Polly: A Before-Christmas Story.
By 1896, it seems that children had started adopting this tradition.
In a column titled The Letterbox in St. Nicholas: An Illustrated Magazine for Young Folks Volume XXIII, a girl named Anna M.S. writes to Santa Claus, explaining that she and her brother wanted to leave food for him “because he will be hungry.” When their father asked what they should leave, they replied, “A glass of milk and some cookies.”
Later, Anna writes that after her brother fell asleep, “Papa drank the milk and ate the cookies.” Clearly, Anna was not so easily fooled! (2)
Cookies and milk are a classic pairing, as the cold, refreshing milk balances the sweetness and buttery texture of the cookies. This tradition became particularly prominent in the United States, where the combination of cookies and milk was widely popular throughout the 20th century.
Ψήσιμο Lebküchner από ένα χειρόγραφο περίπου του 1520, στη Δημοτική Βιβλιοθήκη της Νυρεμβέργης. / Baking of Lebküchner from a manuscript circa 1520, housed in the Municipal Library of Nuremberg. https://en.wikipedia.org/
The first cookies date back to ancient civilizations, with traces of them even found in the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs. These early cookies were simple creations made from grains and water, often flavored with honey or dates and shaped into small, round discs. They served as convenient food for long journeys and as offerings to the gods during religious ceremonies.
Over time, cookies evolved alongside human civilization, taking on different forms and flavors in various cultures around the world. In medieval Europe, cookies were favored by travelers and soldiers, providing a durable and portable source of nourishment.
The introduction of sugar during the Middle Ages added sweetness to recipes, leading to the development of more complex types of cookies. With each passing century, cookies became more refined and diverse, eventually becoming a staple in households worldwide. (3)
In Germany, Lebkuchen was the Christmas cookie of choice, invented by German monks. The first documentation of these cookies dates back to 1296, although their roots can be traced to the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans, who used honey as a natural sweetener in their baked goods.
By 1395, these cookies were being made in Nuremberg, which remains the “capital” of this festive treat to this day. Lebkuchen comes in various shapes, sizes, and flavors, but they almost always include honey, nutmeg, anise, cardamom, coriander, ginger, allspice, and nuts or dried fruits.
In Norway, the popular Christmas cookie was krumkake, a descendant of the Italian pizzelle. The batter included flour, butter, eggs, and cream, and the cookies were baked using a decorative iron over an open flame.
In 1796, the first recipe for Christmas cookies was printed in Amelia Simmons’s cookbook, American Cookery, titled “Another Christmas Cookey.” The recipe included coriander, butter, sugar, and milk, and recommended storing the cookies for six months before eating them! (4)
Cookies as Offerings to Odin in Northern Countries
The Dutch and other Northern Europeans are credited with inventing cookies in the form we recognize today and later introducing them to America in the 17th century. Early American cookies were often flavored with spices like cinnamon and nutmeg and included ingredients such as dried fruits and nuts.
In the Netherlands, gingerbread made with honey and black pepper existed as early as the 13th century. Similarly, hard cookies with bold flavors were found throughout Northern Europe, including German gingerbread houses, Norwegian pepperkaker, Swedish pepparkakor, Danish brunkager, and Dutch speculoos, which were traditionally made for St. Nicholas Day on December 6.
The first mention of Dutch cookies appeared in American cookbooks in the late 18th century. By the next century, gingerbread men were being used as decorations for Christmas trees. (5)
Σλέιπνιρ το άλογο του Όντιν / Sleipnir: Odin’s Legendary Horse https://www.newberryobserver.com/news/32949/holiday-traditions-explained
The roots of this gastronomic Christmas tradition trace back even further to Norse mythology. Odin, the most important god in Norse mythology, was said to have an eight-legged horse named Sleipnir, which he rode to travel across the nine worlds. He was also accompanied by two ravens that perched on his shoulders and traveled between worlds at night to observe and report back to Odin.
During the Yule season, children would leave hay for Sleipnir, hoping that Odin would stop by during his travels and leave gifts in return.
Even today, in countries like Denmark, Belgium, and the Netherlands, children believe that horses pull Santa Claus’s sleigh instead of reindeer, a tradition influenced by the myth of Odin. On Christmas Eve, they continue to leave carrots and hay to feed Santa’s exhausted animals. In return, Santa leaves treats such as chocolate coins, cocoa, mandarins, and marzipan (almond paste). (6)
Cookies in the Victorian Era were a symbol of hospitality, social status, and philanthropy, playing a significant role in celebrations, education, and everyday life.
During that period, cookies were a common accompaniment to tea, which was flourishing at the time. Their production often required rare and expensive ingredients such as sugar, spices, and nuts, as well as specialized cooking tools. The ability to bake or purchase luxurious cookies reflected wealth and high social standing. Victorian families would serve beautifully designed cookies on ornate serving trays, especially during holidays or social gatherings.
At Christmas, cookies played an essential role. Families baked cookies decorated with icing and intricate designs, which were used to decorate the Christmas tree or given as gifts. These edible creations were a beloved part of holiday traditions.
Philanthropy was also an important value during the Victorian Era. Cookies were often baked in large quantities and donated to poor families, orphanages, and soldiers, especially during holidays or difficult times. This act of giving symbolized generosity and a strong sense of community.
Parents encouraged children to participate in creative activities, such as helping to bake cookies. This not only allowed children to develop practical skills but also provided an opportunity for families to bond and instill values of sharing and appreciation for effort.
Ο Άγιος Νικόλαος σε μια λαογραφική ενσάρκωση, ο οποίος (στις Κάτω Χώρες και σε άλλα μέρη της Ευρώπης) δίνει δώρα στα παιδιά στις 5 ή 6 / Saint Nicholas, in a folkloric incarnation, who (in the Netherlands and other parts of Europe) gives gifts to children on December 5th or 6th.Δεκεμβρίου. https://en.wiktionary.org/
A significant influence on the modern depiction of Santa Claus is Saint Nicholas, a 4th-century Christian bishop known for his generosity and gift-giving, who was born in Greece in 280 AD. Over the centuries, the legends of Saint Nicholas evolved across Europe, blending with local customs and beliefs.
The connection between Saint Nicholas and gift-giving was particularly strengthened in the Netherlands, where he was known as Sinterklaas. Dutch children would leave out hay and carrots for Sinterklaas’s horse, believing he would exchange them for gifts. This tradition gradually transformed when Dutch settlers brought their customs to America, where Sinterklaas evolved into Santa Claus.
The image of Santa Claus as we recognize it today became popular in the 19th century through literature, particularly the poem by Clement Clarke Moore, “A Visit from St. Nicholas” (commonly known as “The Night Before Christmas”), which described Santa as a “jolly old elf” who descended chimneys to deliver gifts. Thomas Nast, a political cartoonist, further shaped the modern depiction of Santa Claus with his illustrations for Harper’s Weekly, portraying him as a cheerful figure with a white beard and red suit. (7)
Various Variations Around the World
Over the years, different countries have developed their own versions of the milk-and-cookies tradition. In Britain and Australia, children leave sherry and mince pies, while in Sweden, children leave rice pudding. In Ireland, Santa Claus can expect a pint of Guinness alongside his cookies. Children in France leave a glass of wine for Père Noël and fill their shoes with hay, carrots, and other treats for his donkey, Gui (which in French means “mistletoe”).
In Germany, children skip the snacks and instead leave handwritten letters for Christkind, the Christmas spirit responsible for delivering presents. While many German children mail their letters before the holidays—there are six official addresses for letters to Christkind—others leave them out on Christmas Eve, decorated with glitter or candy. By Christmas morning, the letters have been collected, and gifts are left in their place. (8)
Leaving milk and cookies for Santa Claus brings joy!
The tradition of milk and cookies is more than just a fun activity. It’s a way to connect with the spirit of Christmas, teaching children about kindness, gratitude, and the joy of giving. The sight of an empty plate and glass on Christmas morning adds a sense of wonder and keeps the magic of the season alive.
The choice of cookies varies depending on culture and family traditions. Some families bake classic sugar cookies, while others prefer gingerbread, chocolate chip cookies, or even buttery shortbread.
It is said that in Greece, the image of a chubby Santa Claus and the tradition of leaving treats for him arrived in the 1950s and 1960s, brought by Greek expatriates living in America. In Greece, we traditionally expect Saint Basil (Agios Vasilis) to arrive on New Year’s Eve rather than Christmas, although this custom has been shifting in recent years.
Real Greek Dairies products are ideal for children, making your meals delicious and nutritious. The powdered goat milk Aria is an excellent choice for convenient storage and versatility. You can gift it not only to Santa Claus but also to your children, or use it in various recipes such as crepes, pancakes, and cookies.
If you’re short on time for baking, our cookies are both nutritious and tasty. They support muscle development and maintenance while providing the energy Santa needs to deliver all his presents! Additionally, these protein cookies are rich in fiber and packed with vitamin B12, as well as unsaturated and monounsaturated fats. Available in two flavors: Orange & Honey and Cocoa.
Ideas to Add Extra Sparkle to the Christmas Tradition
Bake Cookies Together
Turn cookie preparation into a fun holiday activity. Let each family member choose their favorite recipe and decorate the cookies with festive colors. Zoe Family products are a great addition to your creations, adding not only flavor but also a boost of nutrients.
Leave a Note for Santa
A simple thank-you message from the kids adds a personal touch. It’s a wonderful way to teach gratitude.
Include Treats for the Reindeer
Carrots, celery, or oats are thoughtful snacks for Santa’s hardworking team.
Create the Perfect Setting
Use a special plate and glass for the milk and cookies to give the tradition a magical feel.
Real Greek Dairies products help you elevate this cherished Christmas custom, making it even more delicious and meaningful for the whole family!
As you prepare for Santa Claus’s arrival, don’t forget to leave out a plate of cookies and a glass of milk! After all, even Santa needs a little treat to keep going on his journey around the world.
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